Tenant farmers’ rights in Nepal are rooted in the country’s long struggle for land reform and social justice. Historically, tenant farmers (mohis) worked on land owned by landlords without having ownership rights, leaving them economically dependent and vulnerable. To address this inequality, the Land Reform Act of 1964 (2021 BS) introduced legal provisions granting tenant farmers the right to claim ownership of a portion of the land they cultivated by compensating the landlord. The Constitution of Nepal (2015) further strengthened these protections by recognizing land as a means of livelihood and guaranteeing equitable land access. Today, tenant farmers have the right to register their tenancy, receive ownership certificates, and benefit from land redistribution programs. However, challenges such as unclear land records, administrative delays, and resistance from powerful landowners continue to limit the full realization of tenant farmers’ rights in Nepal. In that difficulties our best lawyers of Nepal help you to ensure your right practically.
The mohi land system in Nepal refers to a traditional form of land tenancy that existed under the feudal landholding structure, where mohis (tenant farmers) cultivated land owned by landlords (jamindars or maliks). Under this system, the mohis had the right to use the land and pay a share of the produce or rent to the landowner, but they did not have ownership rights. This arrangement often left tenant farmers economically vulnerable and dependent on landlords. The Land Reform Act of 1964 (2021 BS) aimed to address this inequality by granting tenancy rights to mohis and allowing them to acquire ownership of the land they tilled by paying a portion of its value to the landlord.
In recent years, the government of Nepal has made efforts to resolve long-standing disputes between landowners and mohis by formalizing ownership rights. The Constitution of Nepal (2015) and subsequent land reform policies recognize the rights of mohis as part of the country’s commitment to social justice and equitable land distribution. Many mohis have been able to register land in their names through government-led land reform programs, though challenges remain in implementing these provisions due to unclear land records and bureaucratic delays. Ensuring mohi rights is seen as essential for promoting agricultural productivity, reducing rural poverty, and achieving social equity in Nepal’s land governance system. You can remember any legal service in tenant farmers (mohi) in Nepal.